超声波清洗机是利用超声波振动原理，对各类几何形状复杂的精密设备进行清洗，以除去其上粘附的油脂，放射性物质，血迹及细菌等污垢物。那么超声波清洗机的工作原理是什么样的呢，超声波清机又由什么构成的呢？

The ultrasonic cleaning machine uses the principle of ultrasonic vibration to clean all kinds of complex geometric shape precision equipment to remove the dirt such as grease, radioactive substances, blood stains and bacteria. So what is the working principle of ultrasonic cleaning machine? What is the composition of ultrasonic cleaning machine?

全自动超声波清洗机结构

Structure of automatic ultrasonic cleaning machine

超声波清洗机的结构主要是由超声波发生器，清洗槽和箱体三大部分构成。

The structure of ultrasonic cleaning machine is mainly composed of ultrasonic generator, cleaning tank and box body.

1，超声波发生器 由电源变压器及整流系统，振荡器，推动级，功率放大器及输送变压器等组成。

1. Ultrasonic generator is composed of power transformer and rectifier system, oscillator, driving stage, power amplifier and transmission transformer.

2，清洗槽由不锈钢槽，复合换能器和匹配电感组成。换能器粘合于不锈钢槽底部，不锈钢槽与箱架之间垫有减震装置。

The transducer consists of a stainless steel slot and a cleaning tank. The transducer is bonded to the bottom of the stainless steel tank, and the damping device is padded between the stainless steel tank and the box frame.

3，箱体面板上装有电流表，电源开关，输送插座，频率和功率调节旋钮，其后面装有电源进线插座及保险管。

3. The panel of the box is equipped with ammeter, power switch, transmission socket, frequency and power adjustment knob, and the back of which is equipped with power inlet socket and safety tube.

超声波清洗机的工作原理

Working principle of ultrasonic cleaning machine

超声波清洗机是利用超声波的高能量，使物质分子产生显著地声压作用，超声波振动使液体分子排列紧密时，液体分子受到压力，超声波振动使液体分子稀疏时，液体分子受到向外散开的拉力。

Ultrasonic cleaning machine makes use of the high energy of ultrasonic wave to make the material molecules produce significant sound pressure. When the liquid molecules are closely arranged by ultrasonic vibration, the liquid molecules are under pressure, and when the liquid molecules are sparse by ultrasonic vibration, the liquid molecules are subject to the outward scattered tension.

液体分子较能承受压力，但受到拉力作用时，其排列易发生断裂，这种断裂发生在液体中存在杂质或气泡处。液体分子断裂后，其内出现许多泡状的小空腔，这些空腔在极短的时间内闭合，同时产生巨大的瞬时压力，一般可达数千兆帕。

Liquid molecules can bear pressure better, but when they are under tension, their arrangement is easy to break. This kind of fracture occurs in the place where there are impurities or bubbles in the liquid. After the fracture of liquid molecules, there are many small bubble like cavities in it. These cavities close in a very short time and generate huge instantaneous pressure, which can reach several gigapascals.

巨大的瞬时压力，可使悬浮在液体中的固体表面受到急剧的破坏作用，这种超生波对液体，固体的声压作用称为孔蚀现象。根据此原理，该机振荡器由电子管组成耦合式电感电容震荡回路，震荡频率由电容和电感决定。电位器用来控制反馈信号，震荡信号再经耦合电容输推动级，经电子管甲类功率放大器放大后，再经未级功率放大，然后传换能器，将压电电能转为机械能，从而产生超声波振动。

The huge instantaneous pressure can cause the surface of solid suspended in liquid to be destroyed rapidly. The effect of supergenerated wave on the sound pressure of liquid and solid is called pitting phenomenon. According to this principle, the oscillator consists of a coupled inductance capacitor oscillation circuit composed of an electronic tube, and the oscillation frequency is determined by the capacitance and inductance. The potentiometer is used to control the feedback signal. The vibration signal is transmitted to the driving stage through the coupling capacitance. After being amplified by the class a power amplifier of the electronic tube, it is then amplified by the non stage power, and then transmitted to the transducer to convert the piezoelectric energy into mechanical energy, thus generating ultrasonic vibration.